Electrocardiogram (ECG)-Based User Authentication Using Deep Learning Algorithms

Abstract

Personal authentication security is an essential area of research in privacy and cybersecurity. For individual verification, fingerprint and facial recognition have proved particularly useful. However, such technologies have flaws such as fingerprint fabrication and external impediments. Different AI-based technologies have been proposed to overcome forging or impersonating authentication concerns. Electrocardiogram (ECG)-based user authentication has recently attracted considerable curiosity from researchers. The Electrocardiogram is among the most reliable advanced techniques for authentication since, unlike other biometrics, it confirms that the individual is real and alive. This study utilizes a user authentication system based on electrocardiography (ECG) signals using deep learning algorithms. The ECG data are collected from users to create a unique biometric profile for each individual. The proposed methodology utilizes Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) to analyze the ECG data. The CNNs are trained to extract features from the ECG data, while the LSTM networks are used to model the temporal dependencies in the data. The evaluation of the performance of the proposed system is conducted through experiments. It demonstrates that it effectively identifies users based on their ECG data, achieving high accuracy rates. The suggested techniques obtained an overall accuracy of 98.34% for CNN and 99.69% for LSTM using the Physikalisch–Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) database. Overall, the proposed system offers a secure and convenient method for user authentication using ECG data and deep learning algorithms. The approach has the potential to provide a secure and convenient method for user authentication in various applications.