Predictive Value of Annenxin A1 for Disease Severity and Prognosis in Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Abstract

This prospective, single-center study evaluated the clinical utility of annenxin (Anx)A1 level as a biomarker for determining the severity of illness and predicting the risk of death in hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). A total of 105 patients (53 with severe [S]CAP, 52 with non-SCAP) were enrolled from December 2020 to June 2021. Demographic and clinical data were recorded. Serum AnxA1 concentration on days one and six after admission was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. AnxA1 level at admission was significantly higher in SCAP patients than in non-SCAP patients (p < 0.001) irrespective of CAP etiology and was positively correlated with Pneumonia Severity Index and Confusion, Uremia, Respiratory Rate, Blood Pressure, and Age ≥ 65 Years score. AnxA1 level was significantly lower on day six after treatment than on day one (p = 0.01). Disease severity was significantly higher in patents with AnxA1 level ≥254.13 ng/mL than in those with a level <254.13 ng/mL (p < 0.001). Kaplan–Meier analysis of 30-day mortality showed that AnxA1 level ≤670.84 ng/mL was associated with a significantly higher survival rate than a level >670.84 ng/mL. These results indicate that AnxA1 is a useful biomarker for early diagnosis and prognostic assessment of CAP.