Microbial Profiles in Oral Lichen Planus: Comparisons with Healthy Controls and Erosive vs. Non-Erosive Subtypes

Author:

Ju Hye-Min12ORCID,Ahn Yong-Woo12,Ok Soo-Min12ORCID,Jeong Sung-Hee12ORCID,Na Hee-Sam345ORCID,Chung Jin345ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Oral Medicine, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro 49, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea

2. Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro 49, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea

3. Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea

4. Oral Genomics Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea

5. Dental Research Institute, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea

Abstract

Recent studies have begun exploring the potential involvement of microbiota in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus (OLP), yet comprehensive investigations remain limited. Hence, this study aimed to compare the microbial profiles in saliva samples obtained from patients with OLP against those from healthy controls (HC), along with a comparison between erosive (E) and non-erosive (NE) OLP patients. Saliva samples were collected from 60 OLP patients (E: n = 25, NE: n = 35) and 30 HC individuals. Analysis revealed no significant differences in alpha diversity, as assessed by the Chao1 and Shannon index, across the three groups. However, Bray–Curtis distance analysis indicated a significant disparity in microbiome composition distribution between HC and E-OLP, as well as HC and NE-OLP groups. The six most abundant phyla observed across the groups were Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria, and Saccharibacteria (TM7). Notably, OLP groups exhibited a higher prevalence of Bacteroidetes. Prevotella emerged as the predominant genus in the OLP groups, while Capnocytophaga showed a relatively higher prevalence in E-OLP compared to NE-OLP. This study’s findings indicate a notable difference in microbiota composition between HC and patients with OLP. Additionally, differences in the microbiome were identified between the E-OLP and NE-OLP groups. The increase in the proportion of certain bacterial species in the oral microbiome suggests that they may exacerbate the inflammatory response and act as antigens for OLP.

Funder

Ministry of Education

Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea

Publisher

MDPI AG

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