Affiliation:
1. Chemistry Division, Department of H&S, CVR College of Engineering, Hyderabad 501510, India
2. School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa
3. FunGlass—Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, Študentská 2, 911 50 Trenčín, Slovakia
Abstract
Multi-component reactions for the construction of heterocycles have been fascinated by microwave energy as an alternative technique of heating, owing to the advantages over traditional reflux methods. The heterogeneous catalysts contribute significantly towards recycling, harmless, easy filtration, catalyst preparation, more life span, abundance, and product yields. With novel and creative uses in organic and peptide synthesis, polymer chemistry, material sciences, nanotechnology, and biological processes, the usage of microwave energy has rapidly increased during the past 20 years. This article covers multicomponent reactions involving construction of chromenes, pyridines, pyrroles, triazoles, pyrazoles, tetrazoles, trans and cis julolidines using heterogeneous catalysts under microwave. It provides an overview of contemporary microwave-assisted heterogeneous catalytic reactions. Microwave chemistry is now an established technology with several advantages regarding reaction rate and production yield, improving energy savings as confirmed by many applications. Due to the widespread curiosity in medicinal chemistry, the heterogeneously catalysed construction of heterocycles under microwave irradiation is explored to reduce time and energy. By considering various aspects of economy, eco-friendly, and user-friendly factors, this review focuses on recent advances in the multi-component construction of heterocycles using heterogeneous catalysts under microwave irradiation. This review also discusses the benefits and limitations of reaction conditions and yields from the literature reports for the past five years.
Subject
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Catalysis,General Environmental Science
Cited by
6 articles.
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