Influence of Sea Sand on Sintering of V–Ti–Fe Concentrate—A Case Study from Indonesia

Abstract

This study explores the feasibility of Indonesian sea sand in replacing V–Ti–Fe concentrate for sintering. The influence of different additive proportions of Indonesian sea sand on sintering index and sinter properties is examined in a laboratory by adjusting the substitution proportion from 5% to 40%. Results imply that vertical sintering speed and utility factor show an apparent decreasing trend, but drum strength, finished product rate and returned fine rate are not significantly affected with the increase in the proportion of Indonesian sea sand and with the decrease in the proportion of V–Ti–Fe concentrate. With the increase in the proportion of sea sand, the reduction degradation index of sinter at low temperatures declines sharply from 65% to 31%, the grade of sinter and content of TiO2 changes slightly, and the reduction degradation and degree decline. Unlike V–Ti–Fe concentrate, Indonesian sea sand does not perform well in sintering, and the substitution proportion should not exceed 35%.