Potential Use of Common Administration of Emulsion for Parenteral Nutrition and Vinpocetine: Compatibility Study and Prospect

Abstract

Vinpocetine (VP) is distributed after oral and intravenous administration, and its uptake in the thalamus, basal ganglia, and visual cortex. Due to poor bioavailability (~7%) and marked first-pass effect (~75%), including a short half-life (2–3 h), oral administration of VP is limited. It requires frequent administration of the drug to obtain a therapeutic effect. Attempts to overcome these difficulties include the use of new drug delivery systems and/or alternative routes of drug administration. One possibility is the common administration of lipid emulsion and drug using the same catheter. However, this procedure is not recommended due to potential interaction and lack of safety data. For this purpose, we checked the compatibility of VP solutions with eight commercially available parenteral nutrition admixtures, i.e., Lipoflex special, Omegaflex special, Lipoflex peri, Omegaflex peri, Kabiven, SmofKabiven, Kabiven Peripheral, and Olimel Peri N4E. Coadministration is only possible if the stability of the drug and the lipid emulsion is confirmed. The available data are scarce and only concern the incompatibility of VP with ibuprofen. Compatibility tests were carried out in simulated administration through a Y-site connector using clinical flow rates. The stability of the drug and lipid emulsion was assessed by visual inspection and measurement of pH, osmolality, particle size as mean droplet diameter (MDD) and percentage of lipids residing in globules larger than 5 µm (PFAT5), zeta potential, polydispersity index, and lipid-free parenteral nutrition admixture(PNA) turbidity. The results of the compatibility of VP with eight commercial PN admixtures showed that all lipid emulsions show different signs of destabilization. In the studied samples, particles larger than 1000 nm, a significant increase in MDD, zeta potential, and loss of homogeneity visible as an increase in the polydispersity index were observed. Most of the samples had PFAT5 above the USP limit (0.05%). Taking into account the obtained data, VP should not be administered with the studied lipid emulsions for parenteral nutrition.