Revealing the Relationship between Critical Inlet Velocity and a Double-Layer Oxide Film Combined with Low-Pressure Casting Technology

Author:

Qiu Ziao12,Zhang Chaojun12,Zhang Lunyong12ORCID,Cao Fuyang12,Shen Hongxian12ORCID,Jin Zhishuai12,Cao Guanyu12,Zhao Xinyi3,Song Heqian4,Sun Jianfei12

Affiliation:

1. National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China

2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China

3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, China

4. School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China

Abstract

In the context of low-pressure casting, an excessive inlet velocity may result in the introduction of an oxide film and air into a liquid metal, leading to the formation of a two-layer film structure within the casting. Such defects can significantly degrade the mechanical properties of the castings. In order to optimize the advantages of low-pressure casting, an empirically designed equation for the inlet velocity was formulated and the concept of critical inlet velocity was further refined. A comprehensive numerical simulation was conducted to meticulously analyze the liquid metal spreading phase within the cavity. Subsequently, low-pressure casting experiments were carried out with actual castings of an A357 alloy, using two different entrance velocities—one critical and the other exceeding the critical entrance velocity. Tensile test specimens were extracted from the castings for the comparative evaluation of mechanical properties. It was observed that the average tensile strength of specimens cast at the critical inlet velocity exhibited a notable 16% enhancement. In contrast, specimens cast at velocities exceeding the critical inlet velocity manifested the presence of double oxide film defects. This evidence suggests that casting at a velocity faster than the critical inlet velocity leads to the formation of double oxide film defects, which in turn reduces the mechanical properties of the castings.

Funder

National Key Research and Development Program of China

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Publisher

MDPI AG

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