Archeometrical Characterization of Rock Art Pigments from Puerto Roque Open-Air Rock Art Shelter (Valencia De Alcantara, Extremadura, Spain)-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Archeometrical Characterization of Rock Art Pigments from Puerto Roque Open-Air Rock Art Shelter (Valencia De Alcantara, Extremadura, Spain)

Published:2024-02-21 Issue:3 Volume:7 Page:1123-1139
ISSN:2571-9408
Container-title:Heritage
language:en
Short-container-title:Heritage

Author:

Gomes Hugo¹^ORCID,Collado Hipólito²,Garcês Sara¹,Lattao Virginia³,Nicoli Maria⁴,Eftekhari Negar⁴^ORCID,Marrocchino Elena⁴^ORCID,Rosina Pierluigi¹^ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Polytechnic Institute of Tomar (IPT), Geosciences Center (UID73), 2300-000 Tomar, Portugal

2. Geosciences Center (UID73), Consejería Cultura Turismo y Deporte, Junta de Extremadura, 28014 Merida, Spain

3. Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra (Polo II), 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal

4. Department of Environment and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy

Abstract

The study seeks to unravel the intricate operational sequence involved in preparing prehistoric pigments for rock art within the Puerto Roque rock art shelter. Sixteen pigment samples were meticulously collected from specific figurative representations. Additionally, three ochre samples were sourced from the shelter’s soil. Employing a comprehensive multi-analytical approach, including Raman microspectroscopy, X-ray microfluorescence (EDxrf), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS), all nineteen samples underwent thorough analysis. Notably, darker pigments revealed a composition of hematite with the added presence of carbon. Meanwhile, one sample exhibited an orange hue primarily composed of goethite and bright red pigments predominantly characterised by hematite, as confirmed by Raman analysis. EDxrf analysis demonstrated an elemental composition akin to the three ochre pieces examined. Furthermore, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy suggested the potential influence of a heating process in enhancing red coloration, corroborated by spectral results from specific samples. This finding aligns with prior research, underscoring the technological sophistication embedded in early artistic endeavours.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Link

https://www.mdpi.com/2571-9408/7/3/53/pdf

Reference75 articles.

1. Oliveira, J., and Torres, M.F. (2021). O Abrigo do Ninho do Bufo-o painel da parturiente e o seu contexto (Marvão–Portugal). Sci. Antiq., 24–51. Available online: https://www.scientiaantiquitatis.uevora.pt/index.php/SA/article/view/313.

2. Datos para Ia conrextualizaci6n del arte rupestre en Ia Alta Extremadura;Zephyrus,1999

3. Rogerio-Candelera, M.A., Vanhaecke, F., Resano, M., Marzo, P., Porca, E., Alloza, R., and Saiz-Jimenez, C. (2008, January 4–5). Combinação de análise de imagens e técnicas analíticas para a distinção de diferentes fases num painel rochoso (La Coquinera II, Obón, Teruel). Proceedings of the Actas IV Congreso El Arte Rupestre del Arco Mediterráneo de la Península Ibérica, Valência, Spain.

4. Collado Giraldo, H., and García Arranz, J.J. (2013). Actas del II Congreso de Arte Rupestre Esquemático en la Península Ibérica: Comarca de Los Vélez, 5–8 de mayo 2010, Ayuntamiento de Vélez Blanco.

5. Raman spectroscopic analysis of pigments and substrata in prehistoric rock art;Edwards;J. Mol. Struct.,2000