Maximizing Decarbonization Benefits of Transportation Electrification in the U.S.

Author:

Moura Pedro1ORCID,Mohan Anand2,Lau Sophia2,Mohammadi Javad3ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Systems and Robotics, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal

2. Carnegie Institute of Technology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA

3. Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Department, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA

Abstract

Transportation electrification can significantly reduce carbon footprint and accelerate the modernization of aging electric infrastructure. In the U.S., the growing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) will significantly impact the electrical grid and associated greenhouse gas emissions, but with significant differences between the balancing regions due to the diverse characteristics of their electrical grids. This work assesses the impacts associated with the increasing penetration of EVs in the U.S., considering the characteristics of the grid in the different regions, in order to discuss the needed strategies to maximize the future decarbonization benefits. The assessment considers the variation in generation mix profiles during the day in each region, as well as different charging profiles associated with home, work, and public charging. The results show that more ambitious policies for the increasing share of carbon-free generation in the regions with the highest emissions are needed, emphasizing incentives for the use of work and public charging, and ensuring effective management of the charging flexibility.

Funder

Carnegie Mellon University’s Block Center for Technology and Society

Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology through the research project ML@GridEdge

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Earth and Planetary Sciences,General Environmental Science

Reference33 articles.

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2. Internal Revenue Service (2022, January 17). Plug-In Electric Drive Vehicle Credit (IRC 30D), Available online: https://www.irs.gov/businesses/plug-in-electric-vehicle-credit-irc-30-and-irc-30d.

3. White House (2022, August 06). President Biden Announces Steps to Drive American Leadership Forward on Clean Cars and Trucks, Available online: https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/08/05/fact-sheet-president-biden-announces-steps-to-drive-american-leadership-forward-on-clean-cars-and-trucks/.

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