Jet Fuel Contamination: Forms, Impact, Control, and Prevention

Author:

Pruski Daniel12,Sprynskyy Myroslav3ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Academia Scientiarum Thoruniensis, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziądzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland

2. ORLEN S.A., Chemików 7, 09-411 Plock, Poland

3. Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarin 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland

Abstract

This paper describes commonly used processes to produce aviation fuel and alternative routes with potential production yields for sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) like HEFA and ATJ. It also presents the possible sources (crude oil, refinery processes), causes (filter clogging, engine failure), and forms of contamination in both conventional and alternatively produced aviation fuels. Special attention is focused on the threats of fuel contamination with solid particles/trace elements, water, microorganisms, and fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). This review also presents the standard and novel advanced methods (ICP-MS, MALDI, ViPA) for identifying contaminations in aviation fuel. It also identifies possible ways to control and eliminate the risk of contamination, such as the fallowing coherent JIG system to ensure the quality of aviation fuel. Another approach that is very interesting and worth considering for future development is the idea of predictive maintenance and machine learning in monitoring and detecting contamination.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Reference99 articles.

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5. International Civil Aviation Organization (2017). Sustainable Aviation Fuels Guide, International Civil Aviation Organization.

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