Virulence Spectra of Hungarian Pyrenophora teres f. teres Isolates Collected from Experimental Fields Show Continuous Variation without Specific Isolate × Barley Differential Interactions

Author:

Bakonyi József1ORCID,Seress Diána1,Nagy Zoltán Á.2,Csorba Ildikó1,Cséplő Mónika3ORCID,Marton Tibor A.4,Martin Anke5ORCID,Mészáros Klára3

Affiliation:

1. Plant Protection Institute, HUN-REN Centre for Agricultural Research, Herman Ottó Str. 15, 1022 Budapest, Hungary

2. Phytophthora Research Centre, Department of Forest Protection and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic

3. Agricultural Institute, HUN-REN Centre for Agricultural Research, Brunszvik Str. 2, 2462 Martonvasar, Hungary

4. Seed Production Research, Syngenta Hungary Ltd., Alíz Str. 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary

5. Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia

Abstract

Pyrenophora teres f. teres (Ptt), the causal agent of net form net blotch (NFNB) disease, is an important and widespread pathogen of barley. This study aimed to quantify and characterize the virulence of Ptt isolates collected from experimental fields of barley in Hungary. Infection responses across 20 barley differentials were obtained from seedling assays of 34 Ptt isolates collected from three Hungarian breeding stations between 2008 and 2018. Twenty-eight Ptt pathotypes were identified. Correspondence analysis followed by hierarchical clustering on the principal components and host-by-pathogen GGE biplots suggested a continuous range of virulence and an absence of specific isolate × barley differential interactions. The isolates were classified into four isolate groups (IG) using agglomerative hierarchical clustering. One IG could be distinguished from other IGs based on avirulence/virulence on one to five barley differentials. Several barley differentials expressed strong resistance against multiple Ptt isolates and may be useful in the development of NFNB-resistant barley cultivars in Hungary. Our results emphasize that the previously developed international barley differential set needs to be improved and adapted to the Hungarian Ptt population. This is the first report on the pathogenic variations of Ptt in Hungary.

Funder

Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Office

Publisher

MDPI AG

Reference82 articles.

1. Smedegård-Petersen, V. (1971). Pyrenophora teres f. maculata f. nov. and Pyrenophora teres f. teres on barley in Denmark, Agriculture University.

2. Van den Berg, C.G.J. (1988). Epidemiology of Pyrenophora teres and Its Effect on Grain Yield of Hordeum vulgare. [Ph.D. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan]. Available online: https://harvest.usask.ca/items/77471020-1cbb-4891-8e70-cccc0810723c.

3. Pyrenophora teres: Profile of an increasingly damaging barley pathogen;Liu;Mol. Plant Pathol.,2011

4. Relationship between net blotch (Drechslera teres) and losses in grain yield of barley in Western Australia;Khan;Aust. J. Agric. Res.,1987

5. Reduction in yield loss using incomplete resistance to Pyrenophora teres f. teres in barley;Steffenson;Plant Dis.,1991

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