Fibres and Colorectal Cancer: Clinical and Molecular Evidence
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Published:2023-08-31
Issue:17
Volume:24
Page:13501
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ISSN:1422-0067
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Container-title:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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language:en
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Short-container-title:IJMS
Author:
Celiberto Francesca12ORCID, Aloisio Adriana1, Girardi Bruna3, Pricci Maria3, Iannone Andrea1, Russo Francesco4ORCID, Riezzo Giuseppe4ORCID, D’Attoma Benedetta4ORCID, Ierardi Enzo1ORCID, Losurdo Giuseppe1ORCID, Di Leo Alfredo1ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy 2. Ph.D. Course in Organs and Tissues Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy 3. THD s.p.a., 42015 Correggio, Italy 4. Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of mortality for cancer in industrialized countries. The link between diet and CRC is well-known, and presumably CRC is the type of cancer which is most influenced by dietary habits. In Western countries, an inadequate dietary intake of fibers is endemic, and this could be a driving factor in the increase of CRC incidence. Indeed, several epidemiologic studies have elucidated an inverse relationship between daily fiber intake and risk of CRC. Long-term prognosis in CRC survivors is also dependent on dietary fibers. Several pathogenetic mechanisms may be hypothesized. Fibers may interfere with the metabolism of bile acids, which may promote colon carcinogenesis. Further, fibers are often contained in vegetables which, in turn, contain large amounts of antioxidant agents like resveratrol, polyphenols, or phytoestrogens. Moreover, fibers can be digested by commensal flora, thus producing compounds such as butyrate, which exerts an antiproliferative effect. Finally, fibers may modulate gut microbiota, whose composition has shown to be associated with CRC onset. In this regard, dietary interventions based on high-fiber-containing diets are ongoing to prevent CRC development, especially in patients with high potential for this type of tumor. Despite the fact that outcomes are preliminary, encouraging results have been observed.
Subject
Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis
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