Targeting Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins to Overcome Chemotherapy Resistance—A Marriage between Targeted Therapy and Cytotoxic Chemotherapy

Author:

Barroso Tiago1ORCID,Melo-Alvim Cecília1ORCID,Ribeiro Leonor Abreu1,Casimiro Sandra2ORCID,Costa Luís12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Medical Oncology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 1649-035 Lisbon, Portugal

2. Luís Costa Lab, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal

Abstract

Precision oncology is the ultimate goal of cancer treatment, i.e., to treat cancer and only cancer, leaving all the remaining cells and tissues as intact as possible. Classical chemotherapy and radiotherapy, however, are still effective in many patients with cancer by effectively inducing apoptosis of cancer cells. Cancer cells might resist apoptosis via the anti-apoptotic effects of the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins. Recently, the inhibitors of those proteins have been developed with the goal of enhancing the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and one of them, xevinapant, has already demonstrated effectiveness in a phase II clinical trial. This class of drugs represents an example of synergism between classical cytotoxic chemo- and radiotherapy and new targeted therapy.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis

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