The Fairness and Influencing Factors of the Spatial Distribution of Public Services in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei

Abstract

Achieving the equalization of public services is one of the main goals of regional highquality development at this stage. It plays an important guiding role in optimizing the spatial pattern of a metropolis. Taking Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei as the research area, this paper used hotspot analysis, spatial measurement, and other methods to conduct quantitative analysis and empirical research based on POI data, census data, etc., to identify regional public service centers and population distribution centers, and compared and matched them. This study built public service evaluation indicators, comprehensively evaluated the public service level of each district and county in the region, established a spatial error model, and empirically analyzed the differences in the comprehensive public service level of 200 districts and counties in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region. The results show that there is a certain degree of mismatch between the comprehensive hotspots of density of public service facilities and the hotspots of permanent populations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region. The spatial differentiation of the comprehensive level of public services is obvious, showing the characteristics of “high, middle, and low in the north” and “high in the core urban area and low in other districts and counties”. Government policies, economic development level, and the level of urbanization have a significant positive effect on the public service level. The article also discussed the policy implications of the conclusions, as well as corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.