Genomic Instability and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Two Communities Exposed to Pesticides in the Mexicali Valley by the L-CBMN Assay
Author:
Ruiz-Ruiz Balam1ORCID, Torres-Bugarin Olivia2, Zúñiga-Violante Erika1, Casillas-Figueroa Francisco1ORCID, Luna-Vázquez-Gómez Roberto1ORCID, Campos Gallegos Verónica1, Ruiz-Arellano Ana Erika3ORCID, Arellano-García María Evarista1ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Laboratorio de Genotoxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico 2. Laboratorio de Evaluación de Genotóxicos, Medicina Interna II, Facultad de Medicina, Decanato de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Zapopan 45129, Jalisco, Mexico 3. Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico
Abstract
The continuous biomonitoring of a population directly or indirectly exposed to pesticides could be an additional tool for decision makers to improve their health conditions. In this work, we performed biomonitoring on two groups of people from the Mexicali Valley who were continuously exposed to pesticides using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay (L-CBMN) to evaluate cytotoxic and genotoxic damage in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. The study groups comprised 14 indigenous Cucapah with non-vegetarian habits (NV group) from Ejido el Mayor (32.12594°, −115.27265°) and 21 lacto-ovo vegetarian (LOV) persons from the Seventh-day Adventist Church of Ejido Vicente Guerrero (32.3961°, −115.14023°). The L-CBMN assay determines the nuclear division index (NDI), apoptosis, necrosis, micronuclei (MNs), nuclear buds (NBUDs), and nucleoplasmic bridges (NPBs). Our results show that, regardless of diet or daily habits, both the studied groups presented with cytogenotoxic damage compared with non-exposed pesticide individuals, without modifications to the nuclear division index. In the rest of the evaluated biomarkers, the NV group exhibited greater cytotoxic and genotoxic damage than the LOV group. Nevertheless, individuals practicing a lacto-ovo vegetarian diet (LOV) showed lower damage than those with non-vegetarian habits (NV), suggesting a better antioxidant response that helps decrease the genotoxic damage due to the enhanced intake of folates and antioxidants from a plant-based diet.
Funder
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California UABC
Subject
Chemical Health and Safety,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Toxicology
Reference62 articles.
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