The Collection and Compilation of Small Group Data for Scenario Setting of Simulations and Experiments

Abstract

The influence of small groups in evacuation cannot be ignored. However, the current simulations and experimental studies have oversimplified the settings of small groups and evacuation scenarios. A significant disparity exists between the findings of existing studies and real-world scenarios. This paper compiled data on the number and size of small groups and the location of small group members in built environments. Subsequently, a scenario with intricate functions and shapes was established, and finally, these data was employed in agent-based simulations. The data encompassed 50 small groups comprising a total of 111 members. These groups, ranging from 2 to 4 members each, exhibited spatial separations between members spanning from 1 m to 23 m. Simulation outcomes indicated a detrimental effect of small groups on overall evacuation. A significant and positive correlation was observed between the distance separating small group members and the escalation in evacuation time, total jam time, and evacuation distance. The data provides a foundation for configuring initial scenarios in small group evacuation experiments and simulations. The simulation results can provide a basis for hospital safety evacuation management.