Effects of Albumin–Chlorogenic Acid Nanoparticles on Apoptosis and PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway Inhibitory Activity in MDA-MB-435s Cells
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Published:2023-04-22
Issue:9
Volume:13
Page:1438
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ISSN:2079-4991
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Container-title:Nanomaterials
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Nanomaterials
Author:
Alzahrani Badr1, Elderdery Abozer Y.1ORCID, Alsrhani Abdullah1ORCID, Alzerwi Nasser A. N.2ORCID, Althobiti Maryam Musleh3, Rayzah Musaed2, Idrees Bandar4, Elkhalifa Ahmed M. E.56ORCID, Subbiah Suresh K.7, Mok Pooi Ling8
Affiliation:
1. Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia 2. Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, P.O. Box 66, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia 3. Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Science, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia 4. Department of Surgery, Prince Sultan Military Medical City in Riyadh, Makkah Al Mukarramah Rd, As Sulimaniyah 12233, Saudi Arabia 5. Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh 11673, Saudi Arabia 6. Department of Haematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of El Imam El Mahdi, Kosti 1158, Sudan 7. Centre for Materials Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600073, India 8. Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
Abstract
In this study, we synthesized, characterized, and explored the anti-microbial and anti-cancer effects of albumin–chlorogenic acid nanoparticles (NPs). Characterization studies with a UV-vis spectrophotometer, FTIR, PL spectrum, TEM, FESEM, XRD, and DLA analysis showed patterns confirming the physio–chemical nature of biogenic nanocomposites. Further, anti-microbial studies using bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumonia, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio cholera, and fungal strain Candida albicans showed significant (p < 0.05) anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities. Next, we used MDA-MB-435s, a human cell line, to evaluate the anti-cancer effects of albumin–chlorogenic acid NPs. Cytotoxic studies revealed its IC50 concentration at 24 μg/mL after a 24 h treatment of MDA-MB-435s cells. We chose this IC50 dose to analyze albumin–chlorogenic acid NPs anti-cancer effects in vitro. MDA-MB-435s cells exposed to our NPs were studied via AO/EtBr staining, cell cycle analyses via PI staining, the status of whole genomic damage via comet assay, levels of apoptotic cells via annexin V/PI staining, ROS generation via DCFH-DA staining, an assay of antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase, and antioxidant GSH, via ELISA analyses of apoptotic markers caspase-3, 8, 9, Bax, Bcl-2, CytC, and p53, PI3/AKT/mTOR pathway. Our results collectively showed albumin–chlorogenic acid NPs induced apoptosis via p53-dependent and PI3/AKT/mTOR inhibition in MDA-MB-435s cells. Our results denote albumin–chlorogenic acid NPs can be used as an effective candidate for anti-microbial and anti-cancer applications; however, further in vivo confirmatory studies are warranted.
Funder
Deputyship for Research & Innovation, Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia
Subject
General Materials Science,General Chemical Engineering
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