Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) Is a New Natural Host of Tomato Mosaic Virus and Citrus Exocortis Viroid

Author:

He Chengyong12ORCID,Wang Lingli12,Li Yarui12,Zhou Kangyu123,Zhao Ke12,Chen Dong12,Li Jing12,Song Haiyan12,Tu Meiyan12

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Horticulture, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China

2. Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Creation in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610066, China

3. College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China

Abstract

Loquat leaves exhibiting obvious yellowing, blistering, mosaic, leaf upward cupping, crinkle, and leaf narrowing were identified in Panzhihua City, Sichuan Province, China. High-throughput sequencing (HTS) with the ribo-depleted cDNA library was employed to identify the virome in the loquat samples; only tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) and citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd) were identified in the transcriptome data. The complete genome sequence of ToMV and CEVd were obtained from the loquat leaves. The full-length genome of the ToMV-loquat is 6376 nt and comprises four open reading frames (ORFs) encoding 183 kDa protein, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), movement protein (MP), and coat protein (CP), respectively. A pairwise identity analysis showed that the complete sequence of the ToMV-loquat had a nucleotide identity between 98.5 and 99.3% with other ToMV isolates. A phylogenetic analysis indicated that ToMV-loquat was more closely related to ToMV-IFA9 (GenBank No. ON156781). A CEVd sequence with 361 nt in length was amplified based on the HTS contigs, sequence alignment indicated CEVd-loquat had the highest identity with the strain of CEVd-Balad (GenBank No. PP869624), phylogenetic analysis showed that CEVd-loquat was more closely related to CEVd-lettuce (GenBank No. ON993891). This significant discovery marks the first documentation and characterization of ToMV and CEVd infecting loquat plants, shedding light on potential threats to loquat cultivation and providing insights for disease management strategies.

Funder

National Key Research and Development Program of China

Breakthrough in Fruit Tree Breeding Material, Method Innovation and New Variety Breeding

Publisher

MDPI AG

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