Recent Advances in Studies of Genomic DNA Methylation and Its Involvement in Regulating Drought Stress Response in Crops

Author:

Fan Youfang1,Sun Chao1,Yan Kan2ORCID,Li Pengcheng1ORCID,Hein Ingo3,Gilroy Eleanor M.3,Kear Philip4ORCID,Bi Zhenzhen1,Yao Panfeng1ORCID,Liu Zhen1,Liu Yuhui1,Bai Jiangping1

Affiliation:

1. State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China

2. School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China

3. The James Hutton Institute, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK

4. International Potato Center (CIP), CIP China Center for Asia Pacific (CCCAP), Beijing 102199, China

Abstract

As global arid conditions worsen and groundwater resources diminish, drought stress has emerged as a critical impediment to plant growth and development globally, notably causing declines in crop yields and even the extinction of certain cultivated species. Numerous studies on drought resistance have demonstrated that DNA methylation dynamically interacts with plant responses to drought stress by modulating gene expression and developmental processes. However, the precise mechanisms underlying these interactions remain elusive. This article consolidates the latest research on the role of DNA methylation in plant responses to drought stress across various species, focusing on methods of methylation detection, mechanisms of methylation pattern alteration (including DNA de novo methylation, DNA maintenance methylation, and DNA demethylation), and overall responses to drought conditions. While many studies have observed significant shifts in genome-wide or gene promoter methylation levels in drought-stressed plants, the identification of specific genes and pathways involved remains limited. This review aims to furnish a reference for detailed research into plant responses to drought stress through epigenetic approaches, striving to identify drought resistance genes regulated by DNA methylation, specific signaling pathways, and their molecular mechanisms of action.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Gansu Science and Technology

Publisher

MDPI AG

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