Exploring Information Exchange between Thesium chinense and Its Host Prunella vulgaris through Joint Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis

Author:

Ding Anping1,Wang Ruifeng1,Liu Juan2ORCID,Meng Wenna2,Zhang Yu1,Chen Guihong1,Hu Gang2,Tan Mingpu2ORCID,Xiang Zengxu1

Affiliation:

1. College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China

2. College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China

Abstract

Background: Thesium chinense known as the “plant antibiotic” is a facultative root hemi-parasitic herb while Prunella vulgaris can serve as its host. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the communication between T. chinense and its host remained largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive view of transferred metabolites and mobile mRNAs exchanged between T. chinense and P. vulgaris. Results: The wide-target metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis identified 5 transferred metabolites (ethylsalicylate, eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside, aromadendrin-7-O-glucoside, pruvuloside B, 2-ethylpyrazine) and 50 mobile genes between T. chinense and P. vulgaris, as well as haustoria formation related 56 metabolites and 44 genes. There were 4 metabolites (ethylsalicylate, eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside, aromadendrin-7-O-glucoside and pruvuloside B) that are transferred from P. vulgaris to T. chinense, whereas 2-ethylpyrazine was transferred in the opposite direction. Furthermore, we inferred a regulatory network potentially involved in haustoria formation, where three metabolites (N,N′-Dimethylarginine/SDMA, NG,NG-Dimethyl-L-arginine, 2-Acetoxymethyl-anthraquinone) showed significant positive correlations with the majority of haustoria formation-related genes. Conclusions: These results suggested that there was an extensive exchange of information with P. vulgaris including transferred metabolites and mobile mRNAs, which might facilitate the haustoria formation and parasition of T. chinense.

Funder

China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA

Publisher

MDPI AG

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