Physiological Responses to Salt Stress at the Seedling Stage in Wild (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) and Cultivated (Oryza sativa L.) Rice
Author:
Trotti Jacopo1, Trapani Isabella2, Gulino Federica1ORCID, Aceto Maurizio1ORCID, Minio Miles3, Gerotto Caterina3, Mica Erica1ORCID, Valè Giampiero1ORCID, Barbato Roberto1ORCID, Pagliano Cristina2ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Eastern Piedmont, Piazza Sant’Eusebio 5, 13100 Vercelli, Italy 2. Department of Science and Technological Innovation, University of Eastern Piedmont, Viale Teresa Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy 3. Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
Abstract
Domesticated rice Oryza sativa L. is a major staple food worldwide, and the cereal most sensitive to salinity. It originated from the wild ancestor Oryza rufipogon Griff., which was reported to possess superior salinity tolerance. Here, we examined the morpho-physiological responses to salinity stress (80 mM NaCl for 7 days) in seedlings of an O. rufipogon accession and two Italian O. sativa genotypes, Baldo (mildly tolerant) and Vialone Nano (sensitive). Under salt treatment, O. rufipogon showed the highest percentage of plants with no to moderate stress symptoms, displaying an unchanged shoot/root biomass ratio, the highest Na+ accumulation in roots, the lowest root and leaf Na+/K+ ratio, and highest leaf relative water content, leading to a better preservation of the plant architecture, ion homeostasis, and water status. Moreover, O. rufipogon preserved the overall leaf carbon to nitrogen balance and photosynthetic apparatus integrity. Conversely, Vialone Nano showed the lowest percentage of plants surviving after treatment, and displayed a higher reduction in the growth of shoots rather than roots, with leaves compromised in water and ionic balance, negatively affecting the photosynthetic performance (lowest performance index by JIP-test) and apparatus integrity. Baldo showed intermediate salt tolerance. Being O. rufipogon interfertile with O. sativa, it resulted a good candidate for pre-breeding towards salt-tolerant lines.
Subject
Plant Science,Ecology,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
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