Transcriptomic Analysis of Self-Incompatibility in Alfalfa

Author:

Li Lulu12ORCID,Liu Sinan1,Wang Yulu3,Shang Yangzhou1,Qi Zhi2,Lin Hao1ORCID,Niu Lifang1

Affiliation:

1. Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

2. School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China

3. College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China

Abstract

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is an important forage crop worldwide, but molecular genetics and breeding research in this species are hindered by its self-incompatibility (SI). Although the mechanisms underlying SI have been extensively studied in other plant families, SI in legumes, including alfalfa, remains poorly understood. Here, we determined that self-pollinated pollen tubes could germinate on the stigma of alfalfa, grow through the style, and reach the ovarian cavity, but the ovules collapsed ~48 h after self-pollination. A transcriptomic analysis of dissected pistils 24 h after self-pollination identified 941 differently expressed genes (DEGs), including 784 upregulated and 157 downregulated genes. A gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that the DEGs were highly enriched in functions associated with the regulation of pollen tube growth and pollen germination. A Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis indicated that pentose and glucuronate interconversion, plant hormone signal transduction, the spliceosome, and ribosomes might play important roles in SI. Our co-expression analysis showed that F-box proteins, serine/threonine protein kinases, calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs), bHLHs, bZIPs, and MYB-related family proteins were likely involved in the SI response. Our study provides a catalog of candidate genes for further study to understand SI in alfalfa and related legumes.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory

Hohhot Key R&D Project

Inner Mongolia Center of Pratacultural Technology Innovation

Publisher

MDPI AG

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