Enhancing Micropropagation of Adenophora liliifolia: Insights from PGRs, Natural Extracts, and pH Optimization

Author:

Kovács Zsófia1ORCID,Portocarrero Liz Kelly2,Honfi Péter2,Kohut Ildikó2,Eisa Eman Abdelhakim23,Tilly-Mándy Andrea2

Affiliation:

1. HUN-REN Center for Agricultural Research, Institute for Soil Sciences, Department of Soil Biology, Herman Ottó út 15, H-1022 Budapest, Hungary

2. Department of Floriculture and Dendrology, The Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Science (MATE), 1118 Budapest, Hungary

3. Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Botanical Gardens Research Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Giza 12619, Egypt

Abstract

The endangered plant species Adenophora liliifolia faces threats to its survival in the wild, necessitating the development of effective micropropagation techniques for potential reintroduction efforts. This study demonstrates that Adenophora liliifolia effectively reproduces on MS synthetic medium with diverse plant growth regulators (PGR) and natural extracts, facilitating swift micropropagation for potential future reintroduction endeavors. It highlights the substantial impact of PGR composition and natural extracts on the growth and development of A. liliifolia. The ideal growth medium for A. liliifolia was determined to be ½ MS with specific treatments. Additionally, incorporating silver nitrate (AgNO3) at 5 mg L−1 into the medium led to enhanced root formation and shoot length, albeit excessive concentrations adversely affected root development. Varying concentrations of NAA significantly affected different plant growth parameters, with the 0.1 mg L−1 treatment yielding comparable plant height to the control. Moreover, 50 mL L−1 of coconut water bolstered root formation, while 200 mL L−1 increased shoot formation during in vitro propagation. However, elevated doses of coconut water (CW) impeded root development but stimulated shoot growth. Experiments measuring chlorophyll a + b and carotenoid content indicated higher concentrations in the control group than differing levels of applied coconut water. Optimizing pH levels from 6.8–7 to 7.8–8.0 notably enhanced plant height and root formation, with significant carotenoid accumulation observed at pH 6.8–7. Soil samples from A. liliifolia’s natural habitat exhibited a pH of 6.65. Ultimately, the refined in vitro propagation protocol effectively propagated A. liliifolia, representing a pioneering effort and setting the stage for future restoration initiatives and conservation endeavors.

Publisher

MDPI AG

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