Delivery of mGluR5 siRNAs by Iron Oxide Nanocages by Alternating Magnetic Fields for Blocking Proliferation of Metastatic Osteosarcoma Cells

Abstract

Although osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor, chemotherapeutic drugs and treatment have failed to increase the five-year survival rate over the last three decades. We previously demonstrated that type 5 metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR5, is required to proliferate metastatic osteosarcoma cells. In this work, we delivered mGluR5 siRNAs in vitro using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocages (IO-nanocages) as delivery vehicles and applied alternating magnetic fields (AMFs) to improve mGluR5 siRNAs release. We observed functional outcomes when mGluR5 expression is silenced in human and mouse osteosarcoma cell lines. The results elucidated that the mGluR5 siRNAs were successfully delivered by IO-nanocages and their release was enhanced by AMFs, leading to mGluR5 silencing. Moreover, we observed that the proliferation of both human and mouse osteosarcoma cells decreased significantly when mGluR5 expression was silenced in the cells. This novel magnetic siRNA delivery methodology was capable of silencing mGluR5 expression significantly in osteosarcoma cell lines under the AMFs, and our data suggested that this method can be further used in future clinical applications in cancer therapy.