Utilization of Cold Energy from LNG Regasification Process: A Review of Current Trends

Abstract

Liquified natural gas (LNG) is a clean primary energy source that is growing in popularity due to the distance between natural gas (NG)-producing countries and importing countries. The large amount of cold energy stored in LNG presents an opportunity for sustainable technologies to recover and utilize this energy. This can enhance the energy efficiency of LNG regasification terminals and the economic viability of the LNG supply chain. The energy stored in LNG in the form of low temperatures is referred to as cold energy. When LNG is regasified, or converted back into its gaseous form, this cold energy is released. This process involves heating the LNG, which causes it to vaporize and release its stored energy. The current state-of-the-art techniques for LNG cold energy utilization, including power generation, air separation, traditional desalination, and cryogenics carbon dioxide (CO2) capture are discussed in this review. While most of the current LNG cold energy utilization systems are presented, potential future applications are also discussed. The commercialization of sustainable technologies, such as improvement strategies for LNG cold energy utilization, is becoming increasingly important in the energy industry.