Outcomes after Perioperative Transient Ischemic Attack Following Cardiac Surgery

Author:

Jain Urvish1,Jain Bhav2ORCID,Brown James3,Sultan Ibrahim B.3,Thoma Floyd3,Anetakis Katherine M.4,Balzer Jeffrey R.4,Subramaniam Kathirvel5,Yousef Sarah3ORCID,Wang Yisi3,Nogueira Raul6,Thirumala Parthasarathy D.46

Affiliation:

1. School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA

2. School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA

3. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA

4. Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA

5. Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA

6. Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA

Abstract

Perioperative transient ischemic attacks (PTIAs) are associated with significantly increased rates of postoperative complications such as low cardiac output, atrial fibrillation, and significantly higher mortality in cardiac procedures. The current literature on PTIAs is sparse and understudied. Therefore, we aim to understand the effects of PTIA on hospital utilization, readmission, and morbidity. Using data on all the cardiac procedures at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center from 2011 to 2019, fine and gray analysis was performed to identify whether PTIAs and covariables correlate with increased hospital utilization, stroke, all-cause readmission, Major Adverse Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Events (MACCE), MI, and all-cause mortality. Logistic regression for longer hospitalization showed that PTIA (HR: 2.199 [95% CI: 1.416–3.416] increased utilization rates. Fine and gray modeling indicated that PTIA (HR: 1.444 [95% CI: 1.096–1.902], p < 0.01) increased the rates of follow-up all-cause readmission. However, PTIA (HR: 1.643 [95% CI: 0.913–2.956] was not statistically significant for stroke readmission modeling. Multivariate modeling for MACCE events within 30 days of surgery (HR: 0.524 [95% CI: 0.171–1.605], p > 0.25) and anytime during the follow-up period (HR: 1.116 [95% CI: 0.825–1.509], p > 0.45) showed no significant correlation with PTIA. As a result of PTIA’s significant burden on the healthcare system due to increased utilization, it is critical to better define and recognize PTIA for timely management to improve perioperative outcomes.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Pharmacology (medical),General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics

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