Affiliation:
1. Department of Psychiatry and Sleep Laboratory, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles—ULB, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
2. Department of Psychiatry, Brugmann University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles—ULB, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a psychiatric disease associated with inflammation. The Western diet (WD) is a high-fat, high-sugar diet also associated with inflammation. We aimed to show whether the diet of MDD patients was a WD and could act as a risk factor in this context. We conducted a transversal study of MDD patients and controls (CTRLs) without comorbidities. We performed blood analyses including C-reactive protein (CRP), a diet anamnesis, and an advanced glycation end-product assessment. We found that 34.37% of MDD patients had a CRP level above 3 to 10 mg/L, which remained higher than CTRLs after adjustments (sex, BMI, age, smoking status). The MDD patients had an excess of sugar and saturated and trans fatty acids; a deficiency in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, monounsaturated acid, dietary fibers, and antioxidants; a high glycemic load; and aggravating nutritional factors when compared to the CTRLs. We found correlations between nutritional factors and CRP in univariate/multivariate analysis models. Thus, MDD patients showed an elevated CRP level and a WD pattern that could contribute to sustaining an inflammatory state. Further studies are required to confirm this, but the results highlighted the importance of nutrition in the context of MDD.
Funder
Department of Psychiatry of Erasme Hospital
METAGENICS BELGIUMBV
Subject
Food Science,Nutrition and Dietetics
Cited by
4 articles.
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