Agricultural Practices for Biodiversity Enhancement: Evidence and Recommendations for the Viticultural Sector

Author:

Marcelino Sara M.1ORCID,Gaspar Pedro Dinis1ORCID,do Paço Arminda2ORCID,Lima Tânia M.1ORCID,Monteiro Ana34ORCID,Franco José Carlos45ORCID,Santos Erika S.34ORCID,Campos Rebeca3,Lopes Carlos M.34ORCID

Affiliation:

1. C-MAST—Centre for Mechanical and Aerospace Science and Technologies, Department of Electromechanical Engineering, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal

2. NECE—Research Unit in Business Sciences, Department of Management and Economics, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal

3. LEAF—Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Research Center, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, 1349-063 Lisbon, Portugal

4. TERRA—Sustainable Land Use and Ecosystem Services, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, 1349-063 Lisbon, Portugal

5. CEF—Forest Research Centre, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, 1349-063 Lisbon, Portugal

Abstract

Agricultural expansion and intensification worldwide has caused a reduction in ecological infrastructures for insects, herbaceous plants, and vertebrate insectivores, among other organisms. Agriculture is recognized as one of the key influences in biodiversity decline, and initiatives such as the European Green Deal highlight the need to reduce ecosystem degradation. Among fruit crops, grapes are considered one of the most intensive agricultural systems with the greatest economic relevance. This study presents a compilation of management practices to enhance biodiversity performance, which applies generally to the agricultural sector and, in particular, to viticulture, concerning the diversity of plants, semi-natural habitats, soil management, and the chemical control strategies and pesticides used in agricultural cultivation. Through a critical review, this study identifies a set of recommendations for biodiversity performance and their corresponding effects, contributing to the dissemination of management options to boost biodiversity performance. The results highlight opportunities for future investigations in determining the needed conditions to ensure both biodiversity enhancement and productive gains, and understanding the long-term effects of innovative biodiversity-friendly approaches.

Funder

R&D Project BioD’Agro

Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia

Publisher

MDPI AG

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