Evaluation of Five Non-Culture-Based Methods for the Diagnosis of Meningeal Sporotrichosis

Author:

Almeida-Silva Fernando1ORCID,Almeida Marcos de Abreu1ORCID,Rabello Vanessa Brito de Souza1,Zancopé-Oliveira Rosely Maria1,Baeza Lilian Cristiane2,Lamas Cristiane da Cruz3ORCID,Lima Marco Antonio4,de Macedo Priscila Marques5ORCID,Gutierrez-Galhardo Maria Clara5ORCID,Almeida-Paes Rodrigo1ORCID,Freitas Dayvison Francis Saraiva5ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Laboratório de Micologia, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil

2. Centro de Ciências Médicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Cascavel 85819-110, PR, Brazil

3. Serviço Médico, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil

4. Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Neuroinfecções, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil

5. Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Dermatologia Infecciosa, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil

Abstract

Sporotrichosis is the main subcutaneous mycosis worldwide. Several complications, including meningeal forms, can be observed in immunocompromised individuals. The sporotrichosis diagnosis is time-consuming due to the culture’s limitations. The low fungal burden in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples is another important drawback in the diagnosis of meningeal sporotrichosis. Molecular and immunological tests can improve the detection of Sporothrix spp. in clinical specimens. Therefore, the following five non-culture-based methods were evaluated for the detection of Sporothrix spp. in 30 CSF samples: (i) species-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR); (ii) nested PCR; (iii) quantitative PCR; (iv) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for IgG detection; and (v) ELISA for IgM detection. The species-specific PCR was unsuccessful in the diagnosis of the meningeal sporotrichosis. The other four methods presented substantial levels of sensitivity (78.6% to 92.9%) and specificity (75% to 100%) for the indirect detection of Sporothrix spp. Both DNA-based methods presented similar accuracy (84.6%). Both ELISA methods were concomitantly positive only for patients with sporotrichosis and clinical signs of meningitis. We suggest that these methods should be implemented in clinical practice to detect Sporothrix spp. in CSF early, which may optimize treatment, augment the chances of a cure, and improve the prognosis of affected individuals.

Funder

Programa Jovens Pesquisadores—INI/FIOCRUZ

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Plant Science,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics,Microbiology (medical)

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