Mitogenome of the Doleschallia bisaltide and Phylogenetic Analysis of Nymphalinae (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae)

Abstract

The complete mitogenome of Doleschallia bisaltide was sequenced with a size of 16,389 bp. Gene orientation and arrangement in the newly sequenced mitogenome are the same as other mitogenomes in Lepidoptera. Except for trnS1(AGN), which lacks the dihydrouridine (DHC) arm, the other 21 tRNA genes all contain a typical cloverleaf structure. Ka/Ks ratio analysis of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) from 23 Nymphalinae species indicates that the evolutionary rate of COX1 was slowest, while that of ATP8, ND5, and ND6 was substantially high. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Nymphalinae and Kallimini were nonmonophyletic. Trees constructed only from the nuclear DNA (nDNA) dataset had lower support than mitochondrial or combined datasets. The addition of RNA genes did not improve the phylogenetic signal, and nodal support decreased. These data provide important information for future studies into the phylogeny of Nymphalinae.