Spatial Distribution, Diversity Mapping, and Gap Analysis of Wild Vigna Species Conserved in India’s National Genebank
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Published:2023-04-13
Issue:4
Volume:15
Page:552
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ISSN:1424-2818
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Container-title:Diversity
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Diversity
Author:
Shankar Thendral Uma1, Semwal Dinesh Prasad2ORCID, Gupta Veena3, Archak Sunil4ORCID, Nair Ramakrishnan M.5ORCID, Tripathi Kuldeep6ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Division of Plant Genetic Resources, ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India 2. Division of Plant Exploration and Germplasm Collection, ICAR—National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi 110012, India 3. Division of Germplasm Conservation, ICAR—National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi 110012, India 4. Agricultural Knowledge Management Unit, ICAR—National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi 110012, India 5. World Vegetable Center South Asia, ICRISAT Campus, Hyderabad 502324, India 6. Division of Germplasm Evaluation, ICAR—National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi 110012, India
Abstract
The genus Vigna has several crop species that could be used to feasibly address nutritional security challenges in the subtropical and tropical regions of the world, particularly in climate-changing scenarios. Wild taxa of Vigna are a source of economically important traits and need to be studied. Out of the 34 wild Vigna species reported in India, 928 indigenous accessions belonging to 19 wild Vigna are conserved in India’s National Genebank (INGB) housed at the National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi. Geospatial mapping has identified diversity-rich areas and the Western Ghats region exhibits the highest Shannon diversity values (H = 1.65–3.0). Using the complementarity procedure, six diversity hotspots were identified for the 34 wild Vigna, and these require utmost priority for exploration and germplasm collection. Due to the meagre amount of information available for wild Vigna, the BioClim model was used to successfully predict the Idukki district of Kerala as a suitable site for germplasm-collecting expeditions. Coastal areas identified as rich in twelve wild taxa, V. bourneae, V. dalzelliana, V. marina, V. sublobata, V. subramaniana, V. vexillata, V. stipulacea, V. trilobata, and V. trinervia, require immediate attention to protect hotspots as well as to collect accessions from these areas for ex situ conservation. A hotspot in the protected forest of Anshi National Park and Bhagwan Mahavira Wildlife Sanctuary was identified as an ideal spot for possible in situ conservation of V. konkanensis, V silvestris, and V. sublobata. The 15 wild Vigna species do not have representation in the INGB, and 11 Vigna species have been identified as endemic species to India. Priority needs to be given to these species for focussed exploration and germplasm collection. This paper discusses the future focus on explorations to be carried out for the collection of the germplasm of wild Vigna species.
Funder
ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute Indian Council of Agricultural Research
Subject
Nature and Landscape Conservation,Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous),Ecological Modeling,Ecology
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