Long-Term Assessment of Pelvic Organ Prolapse Reoperation Risk in Obese Women: Vaginal and Laparoscopic Approaches

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare reoperation risks after pelvic organ prolapse repair at 5-year follow-up between obese, overweight, and normal-weight women and to assess these risks accounting for the surgical procedure. We performed a retrospective chart review of all the women who underwent POP repair by transvaginal mesh surgery between January 2005 and January 2009 or laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy between January 2003 and December 2013 at the Gynecologic Surgery Department of the Lille University Hospital. During the study period, 744 women who underwent POP repair were divided into three groups: 382 (51%), 240 (32%), and 122 (16%) in the nonobese group (BMI < 25 kg/m²), overweight group (25 kg/m² ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m²), and obese group (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²), respectively. The primary outcome was global reoperation. The median duration of follow-up was 87 months. The risks of global reoperation did not significantly differ between the three BMI groups (adjusted HR (95% CI): 1.12 (0.69 to 1.82) for overweight women and 0.90 (0.46 to 1.74) for obese women compared to normal-weight women, adjusted p = 0.80), nor among the women who underwent transvaginal mesh surgery or laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy. The risks of reoperation for POP recurrence, stress urinary incontinence, or mesh-related complications did not significantly differ between the three BMI groups in the overall population nor accounting for the surgical procedure. In conclusion, obesity does not seem to be a risk factor of reoperation for POP recurrence, SUI, or mesh-related complications in the long term regardless of the surgical approach.