Synthesis and Characterization of Benzoxazine Resin Based on Furfurylamine

Abstract

This paper presents an investigation of the modification of natural oxazines to traditional bisphenol A benzoxazines. Eugenol was reacted with furfurylamine to synthesize a new type of benzoxazine (eugenol–furfurylamine benzoxazine), with a yield of 77.65%; and another new type of benzoxazine (bisphenol A–furfurylamine benzoxazine) was generated from bisphenol A and furfurylamine, with the highest yield of 93.78%. In order to analyze and study the target molecules, IR (infrared radiation) spectroscopy, GPC (gel-permeation chromatograph), mass spectrometry, 1H-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance), DSC (differential scanning calorimetry), and DMA (dynamic mechanical analysis) tests were conducted. Eugenol-furfurylamine benzoxazine and conventional bisphenol A-aniline benzoxazine (BZ) composite was also analyzed and cured at different mass ratios of 2:98, 5:95, 10:90, 20:80, and 40:60. When the content of eugenol furfurylamine in the blend reached 5%, the strength of the composite was greatly enhanced, while the strength decreased with the increase in eugenol furfurylamine oxazine content. Moreover, octamaleimide phenyl POSS (OMPS, polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane) and bisphenol A furamine benzoxazine were mixed at different molar ratios of 1:16, 1:8, 1:4, 1:2, and 1:1. The curing temperature sharply decreased with the increase in OMPS content. When the molar ratio reached 1:1, the curing temperature decreased from 248 to 175℃. A further advantage of using eugenol and furfurylamine is that they are renewable resources, which is important in terms of utilizing resources effectively and developing environmentally friendly products.