Digital Dental Biometrics for Human Identification Based on Automated 3D Point Cloud Feature Extraction and Registration

Author:

Zhou Yu12,Yuan Li12ORCID,Li Yanfeng3,Yu Jiannan345

Affiliation:

1. School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China

2. Key Laboratory of Knowledge Automation for Industrial Processes, Ministry of Education, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China

3. Department of Stomatology, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China

4. Department of Stomatology, the Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 6 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China

5. Chinese PLA Medical School, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing100853, China

Abstract

Background: Intraoral scans (IOS) provide precise 3D data of dental crowns and gingival structures. This paper explores an application of IOS in human identification. Methods: We propose a dental biometrics framework for human identification using 3D dental point clouds based on machine learning-related algorithms, encompassing three stages: data preprocessing, feature extraction, and registration-based identification. In the data preprocessing stage, we use the curvature principle to extract distinguishable tooth crown contours from the original point clouds as the holistic feature identification samples. Based on these samples, we construct four types of local feature identification samples to evaluate identification performance with severe teeth loss. In the feature extraction stage, we conduct voxel downsampling, then extract the geometric and structural features of the point cloud. In the registration-based identification stage, we construct a coarse-to-fine registration scheme in order to realize the identification task. Results: Experimental results on a dataset of 160 individuals demonstrate that our method achieves a Rank-1 recognition rate of 100% using complete tooth crown contours samples. Utilizing the remaining four types of local feature samples yields a Rank-1 recognition rate exceeding 96.05%. Conclusions: The proposed framework proves effective for human identification, maintaining high identification performance even in extreme cases of partial tooth loss.

Funder

Beijing Natural Science Foundation-Haidian Original Innovation Joint Fund-Frontier

Publisher

MDPI AG

Reference25 articles.

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