Photon Counting Computed Tomography for Accurate Cribriform Plate (Lamina Cribrosa) Imaging in Adult Patients

Abstract

Detailed visualization of the cribriform plate is challenging due to its intricate structure. This study investigates how computed tomography (CT) with a novel photon counting (PC) detector enhance cribriform plate visualization compared to traditionally used energy-integrated detectors in patients. A total of 40 patients were included in a retrospective analysis, with half of them undergoing PC CT (Naeotom Alpha Siemens Healthineers, Forchheim, Germany) and the other half undergoing CT scans using an energy-integrated detector (Somatom Sensation 64, Siemens, Forchheim, Germany) in which the cribriform plate was visualized with a temporal bone protocol. Both groups of scans were evaluated for signal-to-noise ratio, radiation dose, the imaging quality of the whole scan overall, and, separately, the cribriform plate and the clarity of volume rendering reconstructions. Two independent observers conducted a qualitative analysis using a Likert scale. The results consistently demonstrated excellent imaging of the cribriform plate with the PC CT scanner, surpassing traditional technology. The visualization provided by PC CT allowed for precise anatomical assessment of the cribriform plate on multiplanar reconstructions and volume rendering imaging with reduced radiation dose (by approximately 50% per slice) and higher signal-to-noise ratio (by approximately 75%). In conclusion, photon-counting technology provides the possibility of better imaging of the cribriform plate in adult patients. This enhanced imaging could be utilized in skull base-associated pathologies, such as cerebrospinal fluid leaks, to visualize them more reliably for precise treatment.