Uncovering a Rarely Diagnosed Disease: Severe Leptospirosis with Multiorgan Failure in Slovakia
-
Published:2023-09-27
Issue:4
Volume:14
Page:1524-1533
-
ISSN:2036-7481
-
Container-title:Microbiology Research
-
language:en
-
Short-container-title:Microbiology Research
Author:
Zahornacky Ondrej1ORCID, Porubčin Štefan1ORCID, Rovňáková Alena1ORCID, Fedačko Ján2ORCID, Jarčuška Pavol1
Affiliation:
1. Department of Infectology and Travel Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Louis Pasteur University Hospital, Pavol Jozef Šafarik University, 041 90 Košice, Slovakia 2. Centre of Clinical and Preclinical Research, MEDIPARK, Pavol Jozef Šafarik University, 041 90 Košice, Slovakia
Abstract
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by bacteria from the genus Leptospira. The infection occurs mainly in developing countries in the tropical zone and countries with lower hygiene standards. The highest incidence is observed especially in environments associated with the presence of rodents, mainly rats, which are a potential source of infection. The clinical manifestations and severity of leptospirosis are highly variable. This case report describes the a 53-year-old patient (male) without comorbidities, who was admitted to an infectious disease department in the east of Slovakia for jaundice, general fatigue, weakness, and fever (health difficulties for approximately 7 days at home). The clinical laboratory picture of the patient was dominated by significant hyperbilirubinemia, acute renal failure, hepatopathy, severe thrombocytopenia, and involvement of the lung parenchyma in the sense of bilateral interstitial pneumonia on chest X-ray. A double combination of antibiotics (ceftriaxone and clarithromycin) were added to the treatment. During hospitalization, a diagnosis of leptospirosis was suspected based on medical history and the results of laboratory tests and was subsequently confirmed serologically. The antibiotic regimen was de-escalated to cephalosporin (ceftriaxone) monotherapy with adequate laboratory and clinical effects (on the 4th day). The patient was discharged after a total of 18 days in good clinical condition.
Funder
Operational Program Integrated Infrastructure
Subject
Microbiology (medical),Molecular Biology,Microbiology
Reference35 articles.
1. Leptospirosis in humans;Haake;Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol.,2015 2. Four Cases of Nontravel-Related Leptospirosis in Oman: A Call for Action;Ghugey;J. Epidemiol. Glob. Health,2016 3. Leptospirosis: Clinical aspects;Rajapakse;Clin. Med.,2022 4. World Organisation of Animal Health (2021). Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals, World Organisation of Animal Health (OIE). 5. Vincent, A.T., Schiettekatte, O., Goarant, C., Neela, V.K., Bernet, E., Thibeaux, R., Ismail, N., Mohd Khalid, M.K.N., Amran, F., and Masuzawa, T. (2019). Revisiting the taxonomy and evolution of pathogenicity of the genus Leptospira through the prism of genomics. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 13.
|
|