CFD-Based Sensitivity-Analysis and Performance Investigation of a Hydronic Road-Heating System

Author:

Ahmed Arslan1ORCID,Conti Fosca12ORCID,Schießl-Widera Michael3,Goldbrunner Markus1

Affiliation:

1. Institute of New Energy Systems, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt, Esplanade 10, 85049 Ingolstadt, Germany

2. Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35141 Padova, Italy

3. Technical Infrastructure Planning, I/P2-434 Audi AG, 85045 Ingolstadt, Germany

Abstract

To minimize the impact of snowfall and ice formation on safety of transportation, salt is sprinkled on the asphalt every winter. However, the use of salt has economical as well as ecological disadvantages. To resolve these problems, road heating systems are used in the northern regions of Europe and America. Despite their widespread usage, considerable potential of the operational optimization is evident. The current systems are controlled under predefined weather conditions such as start of operation at 5 °C air temperature, even when snowfall is absent. Consequently, loss of energy input to heat the system is caused. To avoid unnecessary financial and energetic expense, this study presents CFD-based performance investigation as a basis for a novel predictive controller to increase the operational efficiency of hydronic road heating systems (HRS). The simulation model was developed based on a real operational HRS located in Ingolstadt and composed of bridges and ramps for a total surface of 1989 m2. Climate data of the years 2019–2020 from local weather stations were implemented in the simulation model for performance prediction on extreme climate conditions. This investigation identified that up to 70% of operational hours in terms of energy input can be saved by using a hypothetical predictive controller, thus making the HRS a more economically efficient and environmentally attractive alternate to conventional de-icing techniques.

Funder

German Federal Ministry of Economics and Climate Protection

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Energy (miscellaneous),Energy Engineering and Power Technology,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment,Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Control and Optimization,Engineering (miscellaneous),Building and Construction

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