A Review of Radio Observations of the Giant Planets: Probing the Composition, Structure, and Dynamics of Their Deep Atmospheres
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Published:2023-02-27
Issue:5
Volume:15
Page:1313
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ISSN:2072-4292
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Container-title:Remote Sensing
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Remote Sensing
Author:
de Pater Imke12ORCID, Molter Edward M.2ORCID, Moeckel Chris M.2ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Astronomy, 501 Campbell Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA 2. Department of Earth and Planetary Science, McCone Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
Abstract
Radio observations of the atmospheres of the giant planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune have provided invaluable constraints on atmospheric dynamics, physics/chemistry, and planet formation theories over the past 70 years. We provide a brief history of these observations, with a focus on recent and state-of-the-art studies. The global circulation patterns, as derived from these data, in combination with observations at UV/visible/near-IR wavelengths and in the thermal infrared, suggest a vertically-stacked pattern of circulation cells in the troposphere, with the top cell similar to the classical picture, overlying cells with the opposite circulation. Data on the planets’ bulk compositions are used to support or disfavor different planet formation scenarios. While heavy element enrichment in the planets favors the core accretion model, we discuss how the observed relative enrichments in volatile species constrain models of the outer proto-planetary disk and ice giant accretion. Radio observations of planets will remain invaluable in the next decades, and we close with some comments on the scientific gain promised by proposed and under-construction radio telescopes.
Funder
NSF NASA’s Solar System Observations
Subject
General Earth and Planetary Sciences
Reference234 articles.
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