Spatial Distribution and Influencing Factors of Traditional Villages in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Abstract

This paper takes 207 traditional villages in Inner Mongolia as the research object and uses the ArcGIS10.7 software platform, using the nearest neighbor index, coefficient of variation analysis, spatial autocorrelation analysis, imbalance index, kernel density estimation method, geographical detector, and other methods to explore the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of traditional villages in Inner Mongolia. The research shows that: (1) the spatial distribution of traditional villages in Inner Mongolia is condensed; the distribution of cities is uneven; and the overall distribution pattern of ‘two main and two vice’ is presented. (2) The traditional villages are mainly distributed in the altitude area of 500–1500 m, and their spatial distribution characteristics are positively correlated with the annual average temperature, annual precipitation, total population, the proportion of the primary industry, and the number of intangible cultural heritage, and negatively correlated with the slope, river distance, highway density, per capita GDP, urbanization, and the proportion of the secondary industry. (3) The results of GeoDetector2018 software show that socio-economic factors are the primary factors affecting the spatial distribution of traditional villages in Inner Mongolia, followed by natural geographical factors. The interaction and synergy between the influencing factors have increased significantly, which jointly affects the spatial pattern of the distribution of traditional villages in Inner Mongolia. The purpose of the study is to provide reference for the protection and development of traditional villages in Inner Mongolia and the implementation of the national rural revitalization strategy.