Study on Camping Behavior Patterns for Thermal Comfort at Riverside Parks

Abstract

People-oriented landscape experiences have become the focus of park design with the increasing demand of outdoor activities from urban residents, whereas thermal-comfort-guided landscape design has attracted more attention in academic circles. Based on the investigation of the microclimate of typical subregions in riverside parks, this paper uses AI recognition to analyze the spatiotemporal distribution of camping crowds, and considers the correlation between landscape morphological parameters, microclimates, and crowd behavior. Finally, we built a model to raise the number of landscape optimization strategies for landscape design. The results show that landscape morphological parameters, such as tree height, crown canopy, and sky visibility factor (SVF), can significantly affect the air temperature (Ta), relative humidity (RH), and physiological temperature (PET) in an environment, while hardly affecting wind speed (WS). For microclimate parameters, Ta has a moderate correlation with camping behavior, with a correlation coefficient of −0.145 and a p-value of 0.040, while the corresponding correlation with PET was non-significant with a p-value of 0.622. The temporal distribution of the number of campers per day show a linear upward trend with a reasonable goodness-of-fit, with an adjusted R2 above 0.789 for all subregions. The model based on landscape morphological parameters has a good fit, with coefficients of tree height and crown canopy of −0.195 and 1.316, respectively. This study provides theoretical support and design suggestions for the design of riverside parks based on crowd behavior patterns.