Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Railways: Systematic Review of Research Progress

Author:

da Fonseca-Soares Diogo123,Eliziário Sayonara Andrade4ORCID,Galvincio Josicleda Domiciano2ORCID,Ramos-Ridao Angel Fermin3ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Brazilian Company of Urban Trains, Square Napoleao Laureano, 01 Varadouro, João Pessoa 58010-150, Brazil

2. Department of Geographical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Avenue Professor Moraes Rego 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife 50670-901, Brazil

3. Civil Engineering Department, University of Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva, s/n. E.T.S. Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, 18071 Granada, Spain

4. Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I, Castelo Branco III, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil

Abstract

Rail transportation plays a crucial role in reducing carbon emissions from the transportation system, making a significant contribution to environmental impact mitigation due to the efficiency of passenger and freight rail transportation. Accurate assessment of carbon emissions resulting from rail transit is essential to quantify the positive impact of this mode of transportation on overall urban transport emission reduction. Given that measuring carbon emissions throughout the lifecycle of rail transportation involves a wide array of factors, adopting a systematic framework for analyzing these aspects is crucial. This study conducts a comprehensive review of existing research related to carbon emissions in rail transportation and its mitigation. Initially, the distinct characteristics of carbon emissions associated with rail transportation are identified, along with the complexity involved in accurately measuring these emissions. Subsequently, a comparison and analysis are conducted regarding various models for measuring carbon emissions in rail transportation. Finally, the study examines some greenhouse gas emission measurement research within the railway system. Redirecting research efforts toward measuring carbon emissions in the rail transportation system is essential to help the development of robust and effective public policies. This measure will play a crucial role in emission reduction, climate change mitigation, and the promotion of more sustainable transportation. Furthermore, the identified results propose which LCA methodology offers a valuable framework improving the quality of railway transportation emissions for future generations.

Publisher

MDPI AG

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