A New Approach to Evaluate the Integrated Development of City and Industry: The Cases of Shanghai and the Kangqiao Industrial Park

Abstract

The integration of population, industry, transportation, and land is the objective requirement of the coordinated development of industrialization and urbanization. However, previous research has not appreciated long-time series of city–industry integration from the multi-scale perspective, and there is an over-reliance on statistical data, which limits the spatial perspective in evaluation systems. The purposes of the research are (1) understanding the connotations and essence of the integrated development of city and industry from different spatial scales, (2) introducing a spatial perspective into the evaluation system, with multi-source geospatial data, and (3) evaluating it dynamically. Results showed that (1) at the city scale, the degree of city–industry integration in Shanghai has an upward trend over the 20 years, with volatile changes. (2) At the scale of the industrial park, functional, social, and spatial integration show an increase. The contributions of city development change were ranked high to low as follows: functional integration, spatial integration, and social integration. (3) Multi-source geospatial data improve data availability for the research in this field. The multi-source data fusion fixes the lack or abnormalities of the data in traditional research, which enriches the evaluation perspective. The contributions of this article include (1) this study established the city-population, industry, and transportation interaction system (C-PIT) to describe the integrated development of city and industry at city and industrial park scales; (2) this study introduced the spatial perspective to construct a new evaluation approach, which is based on the coupling coordination degree, the entropy method, and multi-source data; and (3) this study conducted a long-time series analysis of two cases, Shanghai and Kangqiao industrial park.