Evacuation of Shelter in Place at Subway Transfer Stations Based on BIM and Proposal of a Strengthening Method

Abstract

Among public facilities, facilities belonging to Multi-Group (I) include high-rise buildings, tunnels, and subway stations, and the location of Shelter in Place (SIP) is an important factor in the safety of citizens. However, subway evacuation maps usually induce evacuation to ground level or the tunnel of a subway platform without considering the location of SIP. In other words, since the location of the SIP is not determined, conditions, such as ventilation, air conditioning facilities, and structural durability required for the SIP cannot be satisfied. It is difficult to suggest the location of SIP because the domestic standards limit only the time it takes to move from the outside to the facility designated as SIP during an emergency evacuation. Therefore, in this study, when there is a situation of emergency evacuation in the subway, the total allowed time to evacuate to SIP is limited to 6 min. We designate a space that can accommodate the number of evacuees at the location and compare and analyze the results of the evacuation simulation using six scenarios. Additionally, suggestions are made for improvement methods relating to evacuation as well as the proposal of reinforcement methods through an experiment to satisfy the structural requirements of SIP in subway stations.