Intelligence-Based Design Illustrated with Examples of ACROS Fukuoka, KKL Luzern and MICA Changsha Buildings—A Multicriterial Case Study

Abstract

The article concerns the issue of intelligence-based design, which, during the design process undertaken by architects, signifies (according to the authors of the article) thinking about perceptual involvement in the built environment, designing together with people and for people and not forgetting about conveniences brought by technological progress. The way to smart cities, in respect of architectural solutions, leads (to a significant extent) through the smart design of multifunctional buildings based on the idea of sustainable development. The article-related research involved multiple case studies including three buildings, i.e., Asian Cross Road Over the Sea (ACROS) in Fukuoka, Kultur- und Kongresszentrum Luzern (KKL) in Luzern and Changsha Meixihu International Contemporary Art Museum (MICA) in Changsha. The above-named buildings, located in different countries, i.e., Japan, Switzerland and China, respectively, and erected within various time spans, i.e., the 1990s–2020, are characterized by primary common features—multifunctionality, large cubature and comparable program elements. The research presented in this article aimed to find and present the elements of intelligence-based design in the buildings and perform their comparative analysis taking into consideration the fact that the buildings were erected within the span of 30 years. The article presents a graphic comparative analysis of the intelligence-based design, a multicriterial case study (encompassing the concept, functional and spatial solutions and structure) of selected architectural objects. The article includes also a graphic comparative analysis of the very objects and concert halls: Fukuoka Symphony Hall (ACROS), Salle Blanche (KKL) and Hunan Grand Theatre (MICA).