Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the influence of sex and strain on the dysregulation of trace element concentration and associative gene expression due to diet induced obesity in adipose tissue and the liver. Male and female C57BL/6J (B6J) and DBA/2J (D2J) were randomly assigned to a normal-fat diet (NFD) containing 10% kcal fat/g or a mineral-matched high-fat diet (HFD) containing 60% kcal fat/g for 16 weeks. Liver and adipose tissue were assessed for copper, iron, manganese, and zinc concentrations and related changes in gene expression. Notable findings include three-way interactions of diet, sex, and strain amongst adipose tissue iron concentrations (p = 0.005), adipose hepcidin expression (p = 0.007), and hepatic iron regulatory protein (IRP) expression (p = 0.012). Cd11c to Cd163 ratio was increased in adipose tissue due to HFD amongst all biological groups except B6J females, for which tissue iron concentrations were reduced due to HFD (p = 0.002). Liver divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT-1) expression was increased due to HFD amongst B6J males (p < 0.005) and females (p < 0.004), which coincides with the reduction in hepatic iron concentrations found in these biological groups (p < 0.001). Sex, strain, and diet affected trace element concentration, the expression of genes that regulate trace element homeostasis, and the expression of macrophages that contribute to tissue iron-handling in adipose tissue. These findings suggest that sex and strain may be key factors that influence the adaptive capacity of iron mismanagement in adipose tissue and its subsequent consequences, such as insulin resistance.
Funder
UNC Greensboro Health and Human Sciences Research Grant
Faculty First Award
Subject
Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis
Reference57 articles.
1. Fryar, C.D., Carroll, M.D., and Afful, J. Prevalence of Obesity and Severe Obesity among Adults: United States, 2017–2018, 2020.
2. Relationship Between Obesity, Alzheimer’s Disease, and Parkinson’s Disease: An Astrocentric View;Martin-Jiménez;Mol. Neurobiol.,2017
3. The Medical Risks of Obesity;Pi-Sunyer;Postgrad. Med.,2009
4. Early High-Fat Feeding Induces Alteration of Trace Element Content in Tissues of Juvenile Male Wistar Rats;Tinkov;Biol. Trace Elem. Res.,2017
5. The Influence of Sex and Strain on Trace Element Dysregulation in the Brain Due to Diet-Induced Obesity;Totten;J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol.,2021