Mitigation of Vibrio-Induced Metabolic Perturbations in Argopecten purpuratus Scallop Larvae via Probiotic Pretreatment

Author:

Muñoz-Cerro Katherine1,Venter Leonie2,Young Tim2,Alfaro Andrea C.2,Brokordt Katherina3ORCID,Schmitt Paulina1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Grupo de Biomarcadores de Holobiontes Marinos Acuícolas (BIHOMA), Laboratorio de Genética e Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340025, Chile

2. Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand

3. Laboratorio de Fisiología y Genética Marina (FIGEMA), Departamento de Acuicultura, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile

Abstract

Background: The decrease in the production of Argopecten purpuratus scallops in Chile is linked to extensive larval deaths in hatcheries caused by bacterial pathogens, particularly Vibrio genus, threatening sustainability. Traditional antibiotic practices raise concerns, urging research on eco-friendly strategies like bacterial probiotics. This study explores the metabolic responses of scallop larvae to Vibrio bivalvicida and evaluates the impact of the Psychrobacter sp. R10_7 probiotic on larval metabolism pre- and post-infection. Materials and Methods: Analysis detected 183 metabolite features, revealing significant changes in larval metabolites during Vibrio infection. Larvae pretreated with probiotics showed a metabolic profile comparable to non-infected larvae, indicating low impact on larval metabolome, likely due to probiotics antagonistic effect on pathogens. Results: Arachidonic acid, eicosatrienoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) were significantly higher in non-pretreated/infected larvae compared to both pretreated/infected and non-pretreated/non-infected larvae, potentially supporting the activation of immune response in non-pretreated larvae to Vibrio infection. Identification of 76 metabolites provided insights into scallop larvae metabolome, highlighting the enriched metabolic pathways associated with energy provision and immune response. Conclusions: Probiotic pretreatment may mitigate metabolic disruptions in scallop larvae caused by Vibrio infection, suggesting a promising strategy for sustainable scallop production.

Funder

Chilean National Fund for Scientific and Technological Development, FONDECYT

Beca Doctorado ANID

Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group (ABRG) at the Auckland University of Technology

Publisher

MDPI AG

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