Cryptanalysis of Two Conditional Privacy Preserving Authentication Schemes for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Author:

Kabil Ahmad Mohamad1ORCID,Aslan Heba1,Azer Marianne2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. School of Information Technology & Computer Science, Nile University, Cairo 3247010, Egypt

2. National Telecommunications Institute, Cairo 3650108, Egypt

Abstract

Conditional Privacy Preserving Authentication (CPPA) schemes are an effective way of securing communications in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), as well as ensuring user privacy and accountability. Cryptanalysis plays a crucial role in pointing out the vulnerabilities in existing schemes to enable the development of more resilient ones. In 2019, Zhang proposed a CPPA scheme for VANET security (PA-CRT), based on identity batch verification (IBV) and Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT). In this paper, we cryptanalyze Zhang’s scheme and point out its vulnerability to impersonation and repudiation attacks. In 2023, Zhang’s scheme was cryptanalyzed by Tao; however, we point out flaws in Tao’s cryptanalysis due to invalid assumptions; hence, we propose countermeasures to Tao’s attacks. Furthermore, in 2021, Xiong proposed a Certificateless Aggregate Signature (CLAS) scheme which is also cryptanalyzed in this paper. Finally, we analyze the causes and countermeasures by pointing out the vulnerabilities in each scheme that enabled us to launch successful attacks and proposing changes that would fortify these schemes against similar attacks in the future.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Reference43 articles.

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3. Mannoni, V., Berg, V., Sesia, S., and Perraud, E. (May, January 28). A comparison of the V2X communication systems: ITS-G5 and C-V2X. Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE 89th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2019-Spring), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

4. Faster verification of V2X basic safety messages via Message Chaining;Cominetti;Veh. Commun.,2023

5. PA-CRT: Chinese remainder theorem based conditional privacy-preserving authentication scheme in vehicular ad-hoc networks;Zhang;IEEE Trans. Dependable Secur. Comput.,2019

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