Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Antiviral Strategies of Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation during Coronavirus Infection

Author:

Wang Ying1,Zhou Liying1,Wu Xiaohan1,Yang Shixing1,Wang Xiaochun1,Shen Quan1,Liu Yuwei1,Zhang Wen1,Ji Likai1

Affiliation:

1. School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China

Abstract

Highly pathogenic coronaviruses have caused significant outbreaks in humans and animals, posing a serious threat to public health. The rapid global spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in millions of infections and deaths. However, the mechanisms through which coronaviruses evade a host’s antiviral immune system are not well understood. Liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) is a recently discovered mechanism that can selectively isolate cellular components to regulate biological processes, including host antiviral innate immune signal transduction pathways. This review focuses on the mechanism of coronavirus-induced LLPS and strategies for utilizing LLPS to evade the host antiviral innate immune response, along with potential antiviral therapeutic drugs and methods. It aims to provide a more comprehensive understanding and novel insights for researchers studying LLPS induced by pandemic viruses.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China

Natural Science Foundation of Higher Education of Jiangsu Province

Publisher

MDPI AG

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