Human mtDNA-Encoded Long ncRNAs: Knotty Molecules and Complex Functions

Author:

Bruni Francesco1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy

Abstract

Until a few decades ago, most of our knowledge of RNA transcription products was focused on protein-coding sequences, which were later determined to make up the smallest portion of the mammalian genome. Since 2002, we have learnt a great deal about the intriguing world of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), mainly due to the rapid development of bioinformatic tools and next-generation sequencing (NGS) platforms. Moreover, interest in non-human ncRNAs and their functions has increased as a result of these technologies and the accessibility of complete genome sequences of species ranging from Archaea to primates. Despite not producing proteins, ncRNAs constitute a vast family of RNA molecules that serve a number of regulatory roles and are essential for cellular physiology and pathology. This review focuses on a subgroup of human ncRNAs, namely mtDNA-encoded long non-coding RNAs (mt-lncRNAs), which are transcribed from the mitochondrial genome and whose disparate localisations and functions are linked as much to mitochondrial metabolism as to cellular physiology and pathology.

Funder

Fondi di Ateneo “Contributo Ordinario di Supporto alla Ricerca”

Publisher

MDPI AG

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1. Subcellular localization of circular RNAs: Where and why;Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications;2024-06

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