Atomic-Scale Insights into the Effects of the Foaming Degree on the Glass–Ceramic Matrix Derived from Waste Glass and Incineration Bottom Ash

Author:

Wei Ying1ORCID,Chen Ziwei23ORCID,Wang Hao4ORCID

Affiliation:

1. College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310030, China

2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China

3. Research Centre for Resources Engineering towards Carbon Neutrality, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China

4. School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China

Abstract

Precise management of the inverse correlation between the total porosity and compressive strength is crucial for the progress of foaming glass–ceramics (FGCs). To deeply understand this relationship, we investigated the atomic-level transformations of five CO2-foaming FGC samples using molecular dynamics simulation. The short-range and intermediate-range structures of the FGCs with varying total porosities (36.68%, 66.28%, 66.96%, 72.21%, and 79.88%) in the system were elucidated. Na cations were observed to exhibit a strong interaction with CO2, accumulating at the surface of the pore wall and influencing the oxygen species. Therefore, the change in the atomic structure of the matrix was accompanied by an increase in the total porosity with an increasing CO2 content. Specifically, as the total porosity increased, the bridging oxygen content within the FGCs rose accordingly. However, once the total porosity exceeded 66.96%, the bridging oxygen content began to decline. This observation was significant considering the role of the bridging oxygen content in forming a continuous cross-linked network of chemical bonds, which contributed to the enhanced mechanical strength. Consequently, the influence of the total porosity on the oxygen species resulted in a two-stage reduction in the compressive strength. This study offers valuable insights for the development of high-strength lightweight FGCs.

Funder

the Key R&D Program Projects in Xinjiang Autonomous Region

Publisher

MDPI AG

Reference32 articles.

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